Richard Kastle Official Website 
Hungarian Rhapsody Blog
20th Century Studio Recordings 
Link to performances - click on names

________________________
Sergi Rachmaninoff
- (time code 10:15) The great composer was known for recording dozens of takes as he was a perfectionist in the studio. Remember, you're listening to the best take. He simplifies the octaves by not hammering them and plays the climax quietly. The technique is diluted as the distance the hands move is shortened. He still misses the B octave, octave #29, at time code 10:17.
x

_____________________________
Vladimir Horowitz
(time code 8:29) The great pianist confuses listeners with this arrangement where he increased the difficulty of passages that arent that hard, but he simplified the descending octaves. The passages in the middle of the piece are difficult, but much easier than the ending. They are the Liszt's greatest examples of virtuoso piano composition.
In my opinion. it is bad taste to compromise the integrity of the creation in order to show off on the easier  passages while simplifying the hardest one. 
Cyclingpianist, a college
student on YouTube, shows you how easy it is to play Horowitz's version and he also tells you that Horowitz made parts of it easier (click on more info).


_____________________________

Josef Hofmann
 - (time code 8:17) He makes it easier by not hammering the octaves and playing quietly. The recording has mistakes in it before and during the descending octaves.
xx

_____________________________
Georges Cziffra
- (time code 8:54) His EMI recording is the main one of the two posts on YouTube. (fillippeo85 post). He doesn’t fake the ascending octaves, but he does fake the descending ones by playing them with his hands together. He misses the high D#, octave #4. The sound changes at 8:58 when he stops faking for the last easy second. In the other recording (overfjel time code 10:11), he leaves out some octaves and misses some of the descending ones.


_________________________
Moritz Rosenthal - (time code 7:30) This student of Liszt was born in 1862. He tries to re-create the intensity his teacher was known for, even though he lacks the skills. He smashes the notes with an open fist.
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_____________________ ____
Alfred Brendel - (time code 10:12) He plays slowly, faking with his hands together and still misses octaves.
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_________________________
Josef Bulva - (time code 9:07) He fakes the usual way with his hands together and misses octaves.
xxxxx

_________________________
Michelle Campanella - (time code 9:26) He fakes with hands together and proves that some pianists, if given enough chances, can deliver an accurate performance of a simplified version. 

_________________________
Alfred Cortot - (time code 9:-07) He fakes with his hands together and misses octaves.
xxxxx
 
_________________________
Misha Dichter - (time code 8:43) He fakes with his hands together amd plays the easier version accurately.

____________________ ____
Mark Hambourg - (time code 7:43)  He fakes with his hands together, skipping over some of the octaves and slows down as they descend. He still misses notes.
xxxxxxxxx 

_________________________
Artur Pizarro - (time code 4:49) He fakes with his hands together and plays accurately.

_________________________
Richard Kastle - (time code 3:37) The passage is played as Liszt wrote it. There are no mistakes. The technique is not diluted. Recorded in 1991.  
Streetwise - Virgin Records




Link to a blog that explains the science behind why pianists can't play Liszt's hardest technique:
Liszt's Brain 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
Live Performances
Link to performances - click on names
_________________________
Denis Matsuev - (time code 9:00) He hammers the octaves as Liszt directed, missing a few notes between octaves #9 and #16. From #33 to #53 there is a chain reaction of wrong notes, like a string of dominoes where each one knocks the next one down.
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_______________________
Adam Gyorgy - (time code 4:09) His first 28 descending octaves are hammered effectively. At octave #29, there is a chain reaction of wrong notes. He misses about 28 octaves or about 50 notes.
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___________ 
Alice Sara Ott - (time code 9:18) She hammers the octaves in an exciting fashion, but changes speeds to play slower at the hard part. The domino effect of wrong notes begins at #33. She continues to miss notes until she decides to cut her losses and leaves notes out, skipping ahead the the easy ending.
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___ __ 
Marc Andre Hamelin - (time code 11:43) He simplifies it by not hammering the octaves. He does create a moderate amount of increase in the volume at the climax. He also changes speeds after playing the ascending octaves very fast. He plays the descending octaves slower. There is no musical justification for playing this at two different speeds, but it does create an illusion of greater virtuosity. He doesn't miss any notes, but he does lose control of the rhythm at octave #31. He bumps the octave and continues in an erratic manner until abruptly landing on the wrong beat, because he didn't finish off all the notes in the phrase. If you can't hear him changing speeds or losing control of the rhythm, try tapping your hand in even beats. 
x~~~~

_________________________ 
Lang Lang - (time code 7:02) Twenty-five-years ago, Lang decided to develop the skills to play like his cartoon heroes on Tom and Jerry. He still has not done it. He plays Horowitz's version with the easier ending. He has to play the easier version, because his studio recordings suggest that he can't play the hard octave passages. Example: Tchaikovsky Concerto #1 - He made dozens of mistakes on an easier octave passage at time code 9:10 on the first track. He's missing notes, leaving notes out and squeezing beats together repeatedly, because he can't move his hands from one side of the keyboard to the other fast enough.

_________________________
Maksim Mrvica - (time code 9:19) He plays the last page slowly. He misses #9 and #10. At #29, he starts missing one octave after another.
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Dimitros Sgouros - (time code 9:00) The trouble starts at #9. The percentage of wrong notes against right notes increases as the octaves descend down the keyboard.
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Richard Kastle - (time code 4:21) Octave #9 is missed. The rest of the descending octaves are played accurately with precise rhythm.
x

_________________________
Ignace Paderewski - (time code 9:33) He plays slowly, faking the passage with his hands together. He's missing octaves throughout the passage.
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Earl Wild - (time code 9:15) He changes the arrangement and plays sloppy, missing almost all of them starting at #33.
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Discussion 
 
                Key: Methods used to simplify Liszt 

_______  Eliminating opposite hand direction movements -Faking it
_______  Not hammered - shortening the distance the hands move
_______  Easier version with only some of the hard octaves
_______  Playing  very slow
_______  Changing speeds to play the hard part slower
_______  Not attempting - smashing notes with open hand

     x          One missed note or one left out octave (indicated below)
xxxxxxxxx   Many missed notes or left out notes
~~~~~~~   Losing control of rhythm
_______  No faking, no illusions, octaves hammered as written

Link to YouTube post of 17 pianists faking or attempting to play the ending
Someone on YouTube edited three groups of pianists playing ending of the Hungarian Rhapsody. The first group is 5 vintage recordings almost 100 years old. The second group is 5 pianists who were touring when I was a kid. The third group is 7 current performers. In this group, 3 of us  have recorded the Rhapsody for record labels.  Denis and I have recorded for major labels (BMG, Virgin). Marc recoreded it for a minor label. Lang is not in the group. He recorded the easier version, not the one by Liszt. When you hear the other pianists messing up and/or faking, you will know why Lang recorded the easier version. Check out the link. The hardest part is the last few seconds of each segment.

Blog
:

Modern Virtuosos do not develop their brains the way Liszt did. As a result, they have to choose between diluting the technique at the end of his most famous piece or risk the piece ending with an uncontrollable chain reaction of wrong notes.

The history of recordings can't be ignored. It begins with a pianist who was around when America had slaves. Generations of pianists who made recordings, before my release on Virgin Records in 1991, were diluting the technique and most of them still stumbled through the passage on their best take. 100 percent of them left faked and failed performances, despite hundreds, or perhaps a thousand attempts in the studio. 

The live performances are much worse. Many of them tend to have a chain reaction of wrong notes, as many as fifty, when they attempt the passage on stage where they have only one chance to get it right. My scholarship is correct. You can see for yourself by clicking on the names of each pianist. They are all linked to the performances on YouTube that document the failure at the end of Liszt's most famous piece.

I always thought that the premise of how they educate virtuosos was silly. It goes like this: Sign up for lessons at a school like Juilliard and if you practice hard enough, you will be able to play the piano as Liszt did. Never mind developing your brain the same way Liszt did. You will be playing the piano with your fingers, not your brain.

I studied with the Horowitz student who won the Liszt Competition. Noone knew the faking methods that are described on this page better than him. He raved about his teachers arrangement with the easier ending and insisted that noone would ever know that virtually everyone on stage dilutes Liszt's technique.

Pop Culture

The Hungarian Rhapsody was effecting popular culture, even before it was the Hungarian Rhapsody. Liszt created it by arranging melodies from his childhood that were popular in the 1810's. In addition to other pianists playing the published score, Liszt himself increased the pop culture value of the melodies when he improvised them at the end of his live shows. It was evident that it was still popular when he was old, because he complained about how it was all they wanted to learn at his master classes. At one point, he refused to teach it to the new generation. None the less, it still remained popular at the turn of the 20th century and continued to be performed in concert halls as they grew from hundreds to thousands of seats.

The inception of motion pictures created a new format for a resurgence of exploitation of this popular culture phenomenon. The Academy Award Winning Tom and Jerry cartoon was created for theatrical release in the days when cartoons were shown in theaters as an oveture to the featured movie. The inception of television created another format for this cartoon and its pop culture appeal to take center stage, only this time it went directly into the children's homes where pianists like Lang Lang and myself took notice and arranged our development accordingly. Record labels continued to record new versions, even as the audience for piano virtuosos shrunk. Virgin told me that they couldn't market an album for the younger generation unless it featured the Hungarian Rhapsody.

The internet created yet another format for exploitation of Liszt's pop culture phenomenon. This time, the cartoons and studio recordings are placed side by side with some new unrecorded professionals and aspiring students. The new format creates an environment for the piece to be over analyzed. On the good side, the audience wil be more well educated, but, on the bad side, there will be an inevitable increase in activity by the lunatic fringe.
 
When Virgin released Streetwise, I learned that I have a higher level of lunatics on my fringe than other performers that are much more famous than I. It became evident as I toured as the opening act for Jay Leno.  He said, "Beat them back with a stick!" after a stalker, who was followng me from one city to another, broke into my dressing room while I was performing. They left Jay alone, because he wore a suit. My rock star attire attracts the crazy element. In addition, being different from the other performers creates an increase in lunacy by supporters and detractors. My manager's cousin is a principal member of the Go Go's, a rock act that was different from the rest when they were first released. They were the first all girl rock band. Because of that, they had an army of lunatics following them around where ever they went.

Most classical performers have little to no effect on popular culture and are ingored by the lunatic fringe, because their CD's have generic clip art on the cover. Record labels view them as faceless performers that fill in holes in the label's catalogue, so they tend to put a vase of flowers on the album covers. This is not the case with Lang. You can tell he has pop culture appeal, by the number of lunatics on his fringe. The
"I hate Lang Lang" post on YouTube draws over a hundred thousand views. The new conductor of the LA Philharmonic will experience the same effects, as his haircut draws "crazies" out of the woodwork.

Most people don't even know about my identity thief on YouTube. He uses sheet music graphics and my name in the title as a way too lure viewers over to his weasel worded misrepresentations that mutate into libelous conclusions. It took him over a year to finally admit that the pianist playing the ending of the Hungarian Rhapsody was not me. He says he did it because he was bored. Get a life. 

 
Blog:Modern Virtuosos do not develop their brains the way Liszt did. As a result, they have to choose between diluting the technique at the end of his most famous piece or risk the piece ending with an uncontrollable chain reaction of wrong notes.The history of recordings can't be ignored. It begins with a pianist who was around when America had slaves. Generations of pianists who made recordings, before my release on Virgin Records in 1991, were diluting the technique and most of them still stumbled through the passage on their best take. 100 percent of them left faked and failed performances, despite hundreds, or perhaps a thousand attempts in the studio. The live performances are much worse. Many of them tend to have a chain reaction of wrong notes, as many as fifty, when they attempt the passage on stage where they have only one chance to get it right. My scholarship is correct. You can see for yourself by clicking on the names of each pianist. They are all linked to the performances on YouTube that document the failure at the end of Liszt's most famous piece.I always thought that the premise of how they educate virtuosos was silly. It goes like this: Sign up for lessons at a school like Juilliard and if you practice hard enough, you will be able to play the piano as Liszt did. Never mind developing your brain the same way Liszt did. You will be playing the piano with your fingers, not your brain.I studied with the Horowitz student who won the Liszt Competition. Noone knew the faking methods that are described on this page better than him. He raved about his teachers arrangement with the easier ending and insisted that noone would ever know that virtually everyone on stage dilutes Liszt's .The Hungarian Rhapsody was effecting popular culture, even before it was the Hungarian Rhapsody. In addition to other pianists playing the published score, Liszt himself increased the pop culture value of the melodies when he improvised them at the end of his live shows. It was evident that it was still popular when he was old, because he complained about how it was all they wanted to learn at his master classes. At one point, he refused to teach it to the new generation. None the less, it still remained popular at the turn of the 20th century and continued to be performed in concert halls as they grew from hundreds to thousands of seats.The inception of created a new format for a resurgence of exploitation of this popular culture phenomenon. The Academy Award Winning was created for theatrical release in the days when cartoons were shown in theaters as an oveture to the featured movie. The inception of created another format for this cartoon and its pop culture appeal to take center stage, only this time it went directly into the children's homes where pianists like Lang Lang and myself took notice and arranged our development accordingly. Record labels continued to record new versions, even as the audience for piano virtuosos shrunk. Virgin told me that they couldn't market an album for the younger generation unless it featured the Hungarian Rhapsody. The created yet another format for exploitation of Liszt's pop culture phenomenon. This time, the cartoons and studio recordings are placed side by side with some new unrecorded professionals and aspiring students. The new format creates an environment for the piece to be over analyzed. On the good side, the audience wil be more well educated, but, on the bad side, there will be an inevitable increase in activity by the lunatic fringe. When Virgin released Streetwise, I learned that I have a higher level of lunatics on my fringe than other performers that are much more famous than I. It became evident as I toured as the opening act for Jay Leno.  He said, after a stalker, who was followng me from one city to another, broke into my dressing room while I was performing. They left Jay alone, because he wore a suit. My rock star attire attracts the crazy element. In addition, being different from the other performers creates an increase in lunacy by supporters and detractors. My manager's cousin is a principal member of the Go Go's, a rock act that was different from the rest when they were first released. They were the first all girl rock band. Because of that, they had an army of lunatics following them around where ever they went.Most classical performers have little to no effect on popular culture and are ingored by the lunatic fringe, because their CD's have generic clip art on the cover. Record labels view them as faceless performers that fill in holes in the label's catalogue, so they tend to put a vase of flowers on the album covers. This is not the case with Lang. You can tell he has pop culture appeal, by the number of lunatics on his fringe. The "I hate Lang Lang" post on YouTube draws over a hundred thousand views. The new conductor of the LA Philharmonic will experience the same effects, as his haircut draws "crazies" out of the woodwork.
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